Food Poisoning

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Preventing Food Poisoning

Food poisoning is a common problem, especially during the holidays and summer months. It is estimated that millions of cases of foodborne illness occur each year in the United States, leading to significant medical costs and lost productivity.

Most cases are caused by improper cooking, unsafe food storage, or poor hygiene, such as not washing hands. Bacteria are the most common cause of food poisoning, including organisms such as Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter, and E. coli.

Many illnesses with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea may actually be caused by viruses rather than food poisoning. Because different organisms affect different foods and have varying incubation periods, it can be difficult to determine the exact cause.

When in Doubt…Throw It Out!

  • Wash your hands. Wash before, during, and after food preparation using soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds. Wash after handling raw meat, fish, or poultry and after using the bathroom.
  • Clean surfaces and utensils. Use hot, soapy water to wash cutting boards, utensils, and surfaces. Disinfect with a diluted bleach solution when appropriate.
  • Avoid cross-contamination. Do not use sponges or dishcloths on surfaces that touched raw meat. Use disposable paper towels instead.
  • Wash produce. Rinse all fruits and vegetables before eating.
  • Keep foods at safe temperatures. Keep hot foods hot and cold foods cold. Do not leave food at room temperature for more than two hours.
  • Store leftovers promptly. Refrigerate leftovers soon after meals.
  • Handle frozen foods safely. Refrigerate frozen foods as soon as possible after purchase. If thawed, use immediately and do not refreeze.
  • Defrost safely. Thaw meats and poultry in the refrigerator or microwave.
  • Use safe water sources. Avoid drinking untreated stream or lake water, even if it appears clean.
  • Check food packaging. Do not use food from dented, bulging, or rusted cans.
  • Do not taste questionable food. Contaminated food may not look, smell, or taste bad. When in doubt, throw it out.

Additional Resources

If you have questions about possible food poisoning, call Poison Help at 1-800-222-1222.